Intercountry Adoption 2011

The process for adopting a child from another country (intercountry adoption) changed in some significant ways with the U.S. ratification of the Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption (the Convention). The Convention went into effect in the United States on April 1, 2011. The Convention is designed to protect the best interests of children and prevent the abduction, sale, and trafficking of children. In this country, the U.S. Department of State has overall responsibility for implementing the Hague Convention, although the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) within the Department of Homeland Security also plays a significant role. (Adoption 2011)

Approximately 75 nations are parties to the Hague Convention. When a U.S. citizen wants to adopt a child from any of these nations, Hague Convention rules apply. When adopting a child from a country that is not a party to the Hague Convention (a non-Convention country), some different rules apply. (Adoption 2011)

This factsheet is designed to provide basic comparative information about the two types of intercountry adoption, as well as resources for more detailed information. It is a companion piece to Intercountry Adoption: Where Do I Start? Prospective parents are encouraged to read that publication for more complete information on the intercountry adoption process and decisions. Prospective parents should also check the websites of the U.S. Department of State and USCIS. (Adoption 2011)

Note: This factsheet is intended to provide a general overview of intercountry adoption. It is not intended to serve as a detailed directory of legislation, nor is it intended to provide legal advice. For more detailed information, check with an accredited adoption services agency or attorney. (Adoption 2011)